PEP英语知识：小学英语语法复习要点（二）

六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习
一、形容词的比较级
1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。
2．形容词加er的规则：
⑴一般在词尾加er ；
⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；
⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；
⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。
3．不规则形容词比较级：
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
二、副词的比较级
1．形容词与副词的区别(有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)
⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后
⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)
三、练习
一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级
old__________   young________   tall_______   long________  
short________   strong________   big________   small_______
fat_________    thin__________   heavy______   light________
nice_________   good_________   beautiful__________________
low__________   high_________   slow_______   fast________
late__________   early_________   far_________   well_______
二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：
1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.
2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.
3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.
4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.
6. Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s.
7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.
9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.
10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..
11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?
12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?
13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______.
14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).
15.The child doesn’t______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.
三、翻译句子：
1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。
________ is _________than Jim？   ________ are
2、谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan.
________   _________ than David?   Gao Shan ________.
3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。
_________ pencil is _________,______or________？________is,I think.
4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？   我的弟弟的。
_________ apples ________   ________,your _______ or your _______?
My ____________   ___________.
5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。
_________ ________as _________as your uncle?Yes,I am.
6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。
He _______ as __________ as ________   ________ Jim.
7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。
________ ________ as _________ as______ twin _______?
No, _________ _________ than him.
8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。
Yang Ling ________ to _______ ________ than Su Yang every day.
9.我跳得和Mike一样远。
I _________ as _______ as Mike.
10.Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。
____ Tom _____ _____ than you?No,he _______. He_____ as_____ as_____.
11.多做运动，你会更强壮。
________ more exercise,you’ll ________ _________ soon.
12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。
I ______ ________ at Science.But I don’t _________ well in Chinese.
13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。
____you_______the kite_____than Wang bing?No,I______it _____than___.
14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。
I like_______.All my______ _______   _______than me.
15.我的姐姐起得比我早。
My_____   _____ up _____than me.
16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。
____the girls______ ______ ______the boys? Yes,they ____.
17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。
She doesn’t ____ _____   in PE. But I don’t ______ _____than_____.
18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。
___ you ____football _____than your classmates?No,they____as____as me.
19．我母亲比我父亲年纪小。
My_____ _____ ______than my ______.
20.她的毛衣和我的一样重。
_____sweater_____   as_______as_____.
21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。
My dress_____   too_____. I want to _____a______one.
22. I'm taller than Mike .(该成用原级的比较)
I'm _________ as ________ as Mike .

七、There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最靠近be 动词的那个名词决定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑问句。
7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
   How many + 名词复数+ are there + 介词短语？
   How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 介词短语？
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
   What’s + 介词短语？

Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”
1. I________a good father and a good mother.
2. ____________a telescope on the desk.
3. He_________a tape-recorder.
4. _____________a basketball in the playground.
5. She__________some dresses.
6. They___________a nice garden.
7. What do you___________?
8. ______________a reading-room in the building?
9. What does Mike___________?
10. ______________any books in the bookcase?
11. My father_________a story-book.
12. _______________a story-book on the table.
13. _______________any flowers in the vase?
14. How many students____________in the classroom?
15. My parents___________some nice pictures.
16. _____________some maps on the wall.
17. ______________a map of the world on the wall.
18. David__________a telescope.
19. David’s friends___________some tents.
20. ______________many children on the hill.
用恰当的be动词填空。
1、There        a lot of sweets in the box.
2、There        some milk in the glass.
3、There        some people under the the big tree.
4、There        a picture and a map on the wall.
5、There        a box of rubbers near the books.
6、There        lots of flowers in our garden last year.
7、There        a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.
8、There        four cups of coffee on the table.
Fill   in   the   blank   with   “ have,   has ”
1.   I_________ a nice puppet.
2.   He_________a good friend.
3.   They__________ some masks.
4.   We___________some flowers.
5.   She___________ a duck.
6.   My father____________ a new bike.
7.   Her mother___________a vase.
8.   Our teacher_________ an English book.
9.   Our teachers___________a basketball.
10.   Their parents___________some blankets
11.   Nancy_________many skirts.
12.   David__________some jackets.
13.   My friends__________a football.
14.   What do you__________?
15.   What does Mike__________?
16.   What do your friends___________?
17.   What does Helen___________?
18.   His brother________a basketball.
19.   Her sister_________a nice doll.
20.   Miss Li__________an English book.

八、人称代词和物主代词
1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。

人称代词 物主代词   
主格 宾格   形容词性 名词性   
我I me 我的my mine   
你，你们you you 你的，你们的your yours   
他he him 他的his his   
她she her 她的her hers   
它it it 它的its its   
我们we us 我们的our ours   
他（她，它）们they them 他（她，它）们的their theirs

一.填写代词表

I     it we     
you       them   
   his     your    
    hers     
二.用所给词的适当形式填空  
1.   That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big.   ( I )
2.       The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )        
3.       Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4.       _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )
5.       _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
6.       Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ?   ( she )
7.       I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )
8.       Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9.       I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10.   Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. ( they )
11.   Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12.   _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )
13.   That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14.   Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
15.   Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16.   _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17.   _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18.   So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19.   I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20.   May I sit beside _________? ( you )
21.   Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ）            
22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )

九、用am, is, are 填空

1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy?   No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother?   She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this?
10. Whose socks ______ they?
11. That ______ my red skirt.
12. Who ______ I?
13.The jeans ______ on the desk.
14.Here ______ a scarf for you.
15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.
16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.
17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.
19. Some tea ______ in the glass.
20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.
21. My sister's name ______Nancy.
22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.
23. ______ David and Helen from England?
24. There ______ a girl in the room.
25. There ______ some apples on the tree.
26. _______ there any kites in the classroom?
27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?
28. There _______ some bread on the plate.
29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
30. You, he and I ______ from China.

不规则动词变化表

词义 现在（原形） 过去-ing形（动名词）   
是am (be) was being   
是are (be) were being   
是be was, were being   
成为become became becoming   
开始begin began beginning   
弯曲bend bent bending   
吹blow blew blowing   
买buy bought buying   
能can could --------   
捕捉catch caught catching   
选择choose chose choosing   

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